Unit 10 If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time!
词句精讲精练
词汇精讲
1. upset
(1) upset可作形容词，意为“难过的；失望的；沮丧的”。例如：
Don’t get so upset. 别那么沮丧。
After she died I felt very, very upset.她去世之后，我非常非常难过。
(2) upset还可作动词，意为“使心烦意乱，使生气”。例如：
She warned me not to say anything to upset him.她警告我不要说任何让他不高兴的话。
Don’t upset yourself, Ida.别自寻烦恼了，艾达。
(3) be upset with sb. 意为“生某人的气”。例如：
She is still upset with me. 她还在生我的气。
2. advice
advice是不可数名词，意为“意见、建议、劝告、忠告”，不能与不定冠词a 连用。例如：
a piece of advice一条建议
Let me give you some advice. 让我给你一些建议。
【拓展】
(1) give sb. advice (on) 给……提（有关……）的建议。例如：
Can you give me some advice on how to learn English well?
你能给我一些关于如何学好英语的建议吗？
(2) take one’s advice 听从某人的建议 例如：
I’ll take your advice, and do exercise every day. 我会听从你的建议，每天锻炼身体。
(3) advise是advice的动词形式，意为“建议”，常用于advise sb. to do sth.的结构中。例如：
He advised me to read English every morning. 他建议我每天早晨读英语。
3. unless
连词unless意为“除非……；如果不……”， 用来引导条件状语从句，引导条件句时，主要用于下列情况：
(1)主句为肯定句。例如：
Unless I visit every bookstore in town, I shall not know whether I can get what I want．
如果我不到城里每一家书店去看看，我就不知道是否能买到我想要的书。
You will miss the bus unless you hurry up．你要不快点就会错过班车。
You’ll fail in chemistry again unless you work harder．如果你不再加把劲，你化学考试还会不及格。
(2)主句为否定句。例如：
I wouldn’t be saying this unless I were sure of the facts．要是我对这些事情没有把握，我就不说这话了。
You will never get anywhere unless you have set your goal．如果你不设定目标，你哪儿也去不了。
4. angry
angry是形容词，意为“发怒的；生气的”。例如：
My best friend is angry with me. 我最好的朋友在生我的气。
He got angry at her answer.他对她的答复很生气。
【拓展】
be / get angry with sb. 生某人的气 例如：
I am angry with him because he broke the glass.因为他打碎了玻璃杯，所以我生他的气。
be / get angry at / about sth. 因某事而生气 例如：
She gotvery angry about his laughing at her.因为他嘲笑她，她很生气。
5. careful
careful是形容词，意为“小心的；细致的；精心的；慎重的”。例如：
Be careful! There is a truck coming.小心！有辆卡车过来了。
Be careful of the traffic. 注意交通安全。
You should be careful with your money. 你花钱要精打细算。
【拓展】
carefully adv. 小心地；谨慎地
careless adj.马虎的；粗心的
6. solve
solve 作及物动词，意为“解决；阐明；解答(数学题)”。例如：
With the help of his friends, he finally solved the problem. 在朋友们的帮助下，他终于解决了问题。
She tried to solve a crossword puzzle. 她试着解答一道纵横字谜。
What’s your problem? Can you solve it by yourself? 你的问题(困难)是什么?你能自己解决吗?
7. experience
(1) 作可数名词，意为“经历，阅历”，常用于词组have / be an experience有/是一次经历。例如：
He had many interesting experiences while traveling in North America.
他在北美旅行时有许多有趣的经历。
(2) 作不可数名词，意为“经验，体验”，对应的形容词为experienced有经验的。例如：
She is a teacher with rich experience of teaching. 她是一位教学经验丰富的老师。
Yang Liwei is an experienced pilot. 杨利伟是一位有经验的飞行员。
(3) 作动词，意为“经历，感受”。例如：
The child had never experienced kindness. 这孩子从未受过善待。
He experienced great hardships for the first time in his life. 他有生以来第一次体验到巨大的艰苦。
8. else
else作形容词，意为“别的，其他的”，常用于不定代词后面。
(1)常用在much, little, all(=everything)等词后面。
Not much else is known. 其他的不很清楚。
There was little else he could do. 他再没有别的什么可做了。
We don’t know much else about his life. 对他生平别的方面我们知道很少。
(2) 常用在 -one, -body, -thing, -place, -where 结尾的不定代词后面。
Have you anything else to do? 你还有别的什么事要做吗?
Ask somebody else to help you. 请别人帮帮你吧。
You can’t get it anywhere else. 你在任何别的地方都找不到它。
He has nothing else to do today. 我今天没有别的事要干。
(3) 常用在who, what, where, how, why 等疑问词后面。
Who else was at the party? 晚会上还有谁?
Where else did you go? 你还去过什么别的地方?
But what else can we do? 我们还能做什么?
9. in the end
in the end意为“最后，终于”，相当于at last，finally。例如：
We won in the end．最后，我们取得了胜利。
【拓展】
(1) by the end of到……为止，在……以前，常与过去完成时连用。例如：
He had finished the work by the end of last month．上个月底前他就已经完成了那项工作。
(2) at the end of在……末尾，在……尽头，后既可以接表示时间的名词，也可以接表示地点的名词。
The hospital is at the end of the road．医院就在路的尽头。例如：
He will come to see you at the end of this month．这个月底他要来看你。
10. mistake
mistake是名词，意为“错误；失误”。例如：
His homework is always full of mistakes. 他的作业总是错误百出。
【拓展】
make a mistake犯错误
by mistake错误地（不是故意做某事） 例如：
It’s easy to make a mistake. 犯错误很容易。
I took your bag by mistake. 我错拿了你的包。
词汇精练
I. 英汉互译。
1. 保守秘密_____________________ 2. 最后，终于_____________________
3. 犯错误_____________________ 4. too..to…_____________________
5. 建议某人做某事_____________________ 6. be angry with sb. _____________________
II. 根据句意和首字母或汉语提示完成单词。
1. On Monday afternoon, we always have a class m____________.
2. The children like eating potato c____________ and hamburger a lot.
3. The c____________ is too sweet. Eating it too much is bad for you.
4. When he heard the bad news, he felt very u____________.
5. —Can you give us some a____________ on how to learn English well?
—OK, I’d love to.
6. I want to t____________ around the world one day.
7. Mr. King is an ____________(专家), you can ask him for help.
8. ____________(青少年) shouldn’t run away from their problems.
9. I have a new ____________(钱包). It’s black and red.
10. Our English teacher is always ____________(善解人意的).
III. 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. Let’s ____________(ride) our bikes to the countryside this weekend.
2. We ____________(not have) our sports meeting if the weather ____________( not be) fine.
3. Half the students in my class ____________(be) interested in watching cartoons.
4. For many people, ____________(become) a pop singer is a dream.
5. I didn’t find my bike ____________(somewhere) yesterday.
6. I think they will have a good time ____________(skate) in the mountains this winter.
7. The poor man made a living by ____________(grow) vegetables.
8.John often spends some time ____________(play) soccer with his friends on weekends.
9. Don’t let them ____________(shout) that loud, Peter.
10. If they finish ____________(write) their compositions, they will leave for home soon.
参考答案
I. 英汉互译。
1. keep…to oneself 2. in the end/at last 3. make mistakes/a mistake 4. 太……以至于不能……
5. advise sb. to do sth. 6. 生某人的气
II. 根据句意和首字母或汉语提示完成单词。
1. meeting 2. chips 3. chocolate 4. upset 5. advice 6. travel 7. expert
8. Teenagers 9. wallet 10. understanding
III. 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. ride 2. won’t have; isn’t 3. are 4. becoming 5. anywhere
6. skating 7. growing 8. playing 9. shout 10. writing
句式精讲
1. If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time.
(1)本句是if引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。例如：
If you fail in the exam, you will let him down.
如果你考试不及格，你会让他失望的。
(2) 在 if 引导的条件状语从句中，if 条件句位置灵活，可直接放在主句后面，若 if 条件句放句首， 从句后面要加逗号，和主句隔开。
If you ask him，he will help you. = He will help you if you ask him. 如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。
口诀：
if 条件句不一般，几个要点记心间；
条件句，放在前，逗号要放句中间。
条件句表可能，主句多用将来时。
2. …because they’ll be too lazy to cook.
too…to…意为“太……而不能”。它在结构形式上是肯定的，但意义上却表示否定含义，所以动词不定式符号to前不能再加not，只接动词原形即可，too后接形容词或副词原形。例如：
The book is too difficult to understand. 这本书难于理解。
【拓展】
(1) 在too…to…句型中，当动词不定式的动词是不及物动词，其后所跟的介词不能省略。例如：
The room is too small to live in. 这房间太小了不能住。
(2) 在too…to…句型中，当动词不定式的宾语实际上就是这个句子的主语时，动词不定式后面不能再加代词作宾语。例如：
The question is too difficult to answer. 这个问题太难了，无法回答。
(3) 在too…to…句型中，当动词不定式能确切说明动作执行者时，可以在动词不定式前面加上逻辑主语，即for sb.形式。例如：
The box is too heavy for him to carry. 箱子太沉了，他搬不动。
(4) 含too…to…的句子可以改写成so…that…句型，意为“如此……以至于……”。例如：
He is too old to do hard work. =
He is so old that he can’t do hard work. 他年纪太大而不能干重活。
(5) 含too…to…的句子也可以用“not + 形容词/副词 + enough to do sth.”句型来替换，但注意要用原句中形容词或副词的反义词。例如：
He is too old to do hard work. =
He is not young enough to do hard work. 他年纪大了，不能做重活。
3. Sometimes they have problems with their school work…
have problems with sth. 意为“在某方面有困难/有问题”。例如：
He has some problems with his ears. 他的耳朵有些问题。
【拓展】
have problem doing sth. = have problem (in) doing sth.意为“做某事遇到困难或麻烦”，也可用have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth.或with sth. 例如：
They had problems in getting here. 他们到达这里遇到很多困难。
4. I think talking to someone helps a lot.
talking to someone是动名词短语，在句子中作从句的主语。动名词是动词的一种形式，具有名词特点，在句子中可以充当主语、表语或宾语。
(1) 作主语，动名词作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式。 例如：
Walking on the moon is not so easy. 在月球上行走是不容易的。
Flying makes me nervous. 飞行使我很紧张。
(2) 作宾语，有些动词可以用动名词作宾语。例如：
Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please?
你介意把收音机音量调小一点吗？
The squirrel was lucky that it just missed being caught.
这松鼠幸运得很，刚逃避了被逮住的厄运。
(3) 作表语，动名词作表语，对主语进行说明、解释。例如：
Her job is washing, cleaning and taking care of the children.
她的工作是洗刷、清扫和照顾孩子。
5. She was afraid to tell her parents about it.
(1) be afraid表示“害怕做某事”或“不敢做某事”，be afraid 之后可接不定式，也可接名词、代词或of doing sth。例如：
She was afraid to tell you. 她害怕告诉你。
She is afraid of going out alone late at night. 她很怕深夜独自外出。
I’m afraid of the dog. 我怕狗。
(2) 但若要表示担心可能会发生某事，则只能用 be afraid of doing而不能用 be afraid to do。
例如：
I’m afraid of being late for class. 我担心上课迟到。
(3) be afraid后可接that从句。例如：
He is afraid that his father will be unhappy.
他担心他的爸爸会不高兴。
句式精练
I. 根据汉语提示，完成英语句子（每空一词）。
1. 最后他们到达了山顶。
___________ ___________ ___________, they got to the top of the mountain.
2. 如果你有难题的话，不应该憋在心里。
If you have problems, you shouldn’t ___________ them ___________ ___________.
3. 共享一个问题就像是把它切成两半。
___________ a problem is like ___________ it ___________ ___________.
4. 肖东很粗心，经常犯错误。
Xiao Dong is very careless, and he often ___________ ___________.
5. 注意别吵醒了宝宝。
___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ wake the baby.
6. 如果你去参加聚会，你将会玩得很开心。
If you go to the party, you ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________.
7. 我认为他不擅长英语。
I ___________ ___________ he ___________ good at English.
8. 如果我们今天举行聚会，一半的同学将不会来。
If we have the party today, ___________ ___________ ___________ won’t come.
9. 咱们从饭店里订购食物吧。
Let’s ___________ food ___________ a ___________.
10. 我们应当要求人们带食物来吗？
___________ we ask people ___________ ___________ food?
II. 句型转换，每空一词。
1. Get up early, or you’ll be late for school. (改为同义句)
___________ you ___________ get up early, you’ll be late for school.
2. I’ll go to the city centre by subway. (改为同义句)
I’ll ___________ ___________ ___________ to the city center.
3. Work hard, and you will catch up with others. (改为同义句)
___________ you ___________ hard, you will catch up with others.
4. If you come to the party, you will have great fun. (改为同义句)
If you come to the party, you’ll have ___________ ___________ ___________.
5. You can’t run at the party. (改为祈使句)
___________ ___________ at the party.
6. I will visit you. I will be free tomorrow. (用if改为复合句)
If I ___________ ___________ tomorrow, I ___________ ___________ you.
7. If I am famous, I will travel all over the world. (对划线部分提问)
___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ if you are famous.
III. 从方框中选择适当的句子补全对话。
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A. You will have a good time.
B. And can you make some food for us?
C. Will you help me organize it?
D. There’s a test tomorrow.
E. I’m going to take a bus to the party.
F. Let’s have it today after class.
G. I don’t think we should watch a video.
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W: Hi, Mark. I want to have a class party. 1
M: Sure, Andrea. I can help you. So when shall we have the party?
W: 2
M: No, today is too early. If we have it today, half the class won’t come.
W: Okay. Let’s have it tomorrow.
M: Hmm… 3 Students will leave early to study for the test. Let’s have it on the weekend.
W: Okay. Let’s have it on Saturday afternoon. We can all meet and watch a video.
M: No, 4 Some students will be bored. Let’s play party games.
W: Okay, good idea. Can you organize the party games?
M: Sure. I can do that. 5
W: Yes. That’s no problem.
1. ___________ 2. ___________ 3. ___________ 4. ___________ 5. ___________
参考答案
I. 根据汉语提示，完成英语句子（每空一词）。
1. In the end 2. keep; to yourself 3. Sharing; cutting; in half 4. makes mistakes
5. Be careful not to 6. will have a good time 7. don’t think; is 8. half the class
9. order; from; restaurant 10. Should; to bring
II. 句型转换，每空一词。
1. If; don’t 2. take the subway 3. If; work 4. a good time 5. Don’t run 6. am free; will visit
7. What will you do
III. 从方框中选择适当的句子补全对话。
1-5 CFDGB
